Poland Rail Upgrade: Modernizing Trains, Boosting Services

Poland, May 2024

The Polish railway sector is experiencing a significant boost with substantial investments aimed at modernizing its rolling stock and enhancing passenger services. PKP Intercity (Polish State Railways Intercity), the nation’s long-distance rail operator, is at the forefront of this transformation, securing over PLN 1 billion (EUR 236 million) in funding from Poland’s National Recovery Plan (NRRP, KPO in Polish). This financial injection underscores the commitment to upgrading the rail network, improving passenger experience, and promoting sustainable transportation across the country. This article will delve into the specifics of this investment, the projects it supports, and the impact it will have on the Polish rail landscape. The aim is to present a comprehensive overview of the modernization efforts and their importance for the future of rail travel in Poland.

Modernization Funding and Agreements

PKP Intercity’s ambitious modernization program is heavily reliant on financial support from the European Union. In October 2024, the company solidified its commitment by signing an agreement with the Centre for EU Transport Projects (CUPT) for non-repayable support, totaling PLN 2.16 billion under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. This agreement highlights the collaborative effort between the Polish government and the EU to bolster the nation’s infrastructure. The EU funding will cover over 94% of the eligible costs, demonstrating the EU’s significant contribution to the project. The first tranche of PLN 874.5 million (EUR 206.3 million) was disbursed in April 2025, followed by a second tranche of PLN 147 million (EUR 34.7 million) in May. The total KPO allocation of PLN 2.16 billion (EUR 509.6 million) is scheduled through to 2026, with completion of all investments required by mid-2026 as a condition of the grant.

Rolling Stock Acquisition and Upgrades

The funding from the NRRP is being strategically allocated to two key areas: the acquisition of new electric locomotives and the modernization of existing passenger carriages. A significant portion of the investment, approximately PLN 1 billion (EUR 236 million), is dedicated to purchasing 56 state-of-the-art Griffin electric locomotives. These locomotives, capable of operating at speeds up to 160 km/h, will substantially enhance the efficiency and reliability of rail services throughout Poland. Simultaneously, a substantial sum of PLN 1.2 billion (EUR 283 million) is being invested in the modernization of 248 carriages. This refurbishment program aims to provide improved comfort and amenities for passengers, including ergonomic seating with tables, individual lighting, air conditioning, and advanced passenger information systems. A key aspect of the carriage upgrades involves the conversion of 50 carriages into “Combo” carriages, specifically designed to cater to diverse passenger needs, including people with disabilities, families with children, elderly passengers, and cyclists.

Network Expansion and Service Enhancement

The impact of this modernization initiative extends far beyond the physical upgrades of rolling stock. The new and modernized trains are set to serve routes across nearly the entire country, connecting major cities such as Warsaw, Kraków, Wrocław, Białystok, Gdańsk, and Poznań. Furthermore, the enhanced network will also reach smaller towns, ensuring that the benefits of improved rail services are accessible to a wider population. This expanded service network is intended to promote regional connectivity and contribute to the economic development of various areas. By integrating both major urban centers and smaller communities, the project aims to foster a more cohesive and accessible transportation infrastructure across Poland.

Local Manufacturing and Industry Support

A noteworthy aspect of this project is its focus on supporting the Polish manufacturing sector. All contracts funded under the KPO are being awarded exclusively to Polish manufacturers, thereby stimulating domestic economic growth and job creation. The carriage modernization work is being undertaken by several prominent Polish companies, including H. Cegielski – Fabryka Pojazdów Szynowych in Poznań, Pesa’s facilities in Bydgoszcz and Mińsk Mazowiecki, and PKP Intercity Remtrak. The new Griffin electric locomotives are being supplied by Newag, headquartered in Nowy Sącz. This approach not only ensures that the benefits of the investment remain within Poland but also reinforces the capabilities and competitiveness of the Polish rail industry on a global scale.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the financial support from the National Recovery Plan is a pivotal moment for the Polish railway sector, enabling a comprehensive upgrade of PKP Intercity’s rolling stock and a significant enhancement of passenger services. The acquisition of modern Griffin electric locomotives and the modernization of existing carriages, coupled with the expansion of the service network, represent a substantial investment in the future of rail travel in Poland. The focus on utilizing Polish manufacturers not only ensures that the economic benefits of the investment stay within the country but also bolsters the domestic rail industry, making it more competitive and innovative. The comprehensive approach, encompassing technological upgrades, passenger comfort, and network expansion, is poised to dramatically improve the rail travel experience for passengers across Poland, promoting sustainable transportation and regional connectivity. This project exemplifies a well-planned strategy to modernize infrastructure, promote economic growth, and improve the quality of life for Polish citizens. The ongoing efforts will enhance the efficiency and reliability of rail services across Poland, fostering economic development and improving the quality of life for citizens. The successful implementation of this project underscores Poland’s commitment to sustainable and efficient transportation systems.

Company Summary

* PKP Intercity: The leading long-distance rail operator in Poland, responsible for passenger transport services across the country.
* Newag: A Polish manufacturer of railway rolling stock, specializing in electric locomotives and other rail vehicles.
* H. Cegielski – Fabryka Pojazdów Szynowych: A Polish company involved in the manufacturing and modernization of railway carriages.
* Pesa: A Polish manufacturer of railway vehicles, including carriages and trams, with facilities in Bydgoszcz and Mińsk Mazowiecki.
* PKP Intercity Remtrak: A subsidiary of PKP Intercity focused on the maintenance and refurbishment of rolling stock.