Murcia Tram Line 1 – Railway Technology

This article delves into the technological aspects and operational details of Murcia’s Tram Line 1, a significant urban transit project in Spain. The project’s aim was to provide a modern, efficient, and accessible light rail system to alleviate traffic congestion, improve connectivity within Murcia, and enhance the overall quality of life for its residents. The analysis will cover the line’s infrastructure, rolling stock, signaling and communication systems, operational characteristics, and the broader implications of this project for future urban transport planning in similar settings. We will explore the challenges faced during construction and operation, and assess the project’s success in meeting its initial targets and objectives. The analysis will also consider the long-term sustainability and scalability of the system, considering its potential expansion with additional lines and increased ridership.

Line Infrastructure and Design

Murcia Tram Line 1, operated by Tranvía de Murcia (a joint venture between FCC Construction (60%) and Comsa-Emte (40%)) under a 40-year concession, showcases a mixed-use infrastructure design. The line utilizes a standard gauge of 1,435mm, employing concrete slab track construction with 60kg/m rails welded into long lengths. Cobblestones flank the tracks, integrating the tram line aesthetically into the urban environment. The main line, spanning 11.5km between Universidad de Murcia and Nueva Condomina, features double tracks, while the 3km branch line and circular loop utilize single tracks. This layout reflects the design consideration to prioritize capacity on the main corridor while still offering service to peripheral areas. The total number of stations is 28, with platforms averaging 625m apart. Platform design varies to accommodate different traffic volumes, featuring central platforms (4m wide) and side platforms (2.5m wide). The maintenance facility near Nueva Condomina includes 10 tracks catering to various maintenance needs.

Rolling Stock and Operational Characteristics

The system employs 11 Alstom Citadis 302 trams, originally intended for Madrid. These bi-directional trams (32.3m long, 2.4m wide) operate at a commercial speed of 23 km/h on the main line and 27 km/h on the branch line, despite a top speed of 50km/h. Each tram provides capacity for 186 passengers (54 seated), incorporating features like air conditioning and electronic passenger information displays. Power is supplied via a 750V DC overhead line system fed by seven substations strategically located along the route. The operational frequency varies, with trams running every 10 minutes during peak hours and every 15 minutes during off-peak periods. The journey time between terminals is 34 minutes.

Signaling, Communication, and Ticketing

Murcia Tram Line 1 utilizes a mobile-radio communication network based on Tetra technology, employing IAP TeNMS-lite systems installed on each tram to ensure reliable communication between stations, especially in emergency situations. The system was supplied by IAPsolutions. Passenger access is streamlined through the implementation of E-ticketing systems at all stations, supplied by Hoeft & Wessel in collaboration with Ikusi, ensuring ease of use, especially for passengers with limited mobility.

Project Overview and Future Expansion

The project involved a €264 million investment, with €130 million secured from Madrid Western Light Railways. The initial 2.2km pilot section demonstrated the feasibility of the project, leading to the construction of the full Line 1. The project’s initial ridership projection was 5.5 million passengers annually, which is expected to grow to 20 million by year 40. This significant increase demonstrates the projected growth of the city and the expected increased reliance on public transportation. Future plans envision a comprehensive tram network encompassing four lines, extending east-west between Los Eamos and Alcantarilla and north-south between Campo De Futbol and Arrixaca. This expansion will further enhance city-wide connectivity.

Project Summary Table

Conclusions

The Murcia Tram Line 1 project stands as a successful case study in modern light rail development. The project successfully integrated advanced technologies, including sophisticated signaling, communication, and ticketing systems, to enhance operational efficiency and passenger experience. The use of a standard gauge and concrete slab track construction demonstrates a commitment to a durable and maintainable infrastructure. The integration of the tram line into the urban fabric, achieved by the use of cobblestones beside the tracks, shows a commitment to aesthetic considerations in addition to function. The careful planning and execution of the project, from the initial pilot scheme to the final construction and commissioning, has resulted in a robust and adaptable system that has exceeded the initial ridership targets. The selection of proven rolling stock, such as the Alstom Citadis 302 trams, minimized operational risks and ensured a reliable service from the outset. The successful operation of Line 1, coupled with the projected expansion to a four-line network, positions Murcia as a model for sustainable urban transport development. The scalability of the system, the integration of modern technologies, and the focus on passenger convenience all contribute to a positive impact on the city’s transportation infrastructure and the overall quality of life for its residents. The long-term success of the project will depend on continued investment in maintenance, upgrades, and the successful implementation of the planned network expansion.

Company Information:

• FCC Construction: A large Spanish construction and infrastructure company.
• Comsa-Emte: A Spanish infrastructure and engineering group.
• Alstom: A multinational rolling stock manufacturer.
• Hoeft & Wessel: A global supplier of ticketing systems.
• Ikusi: A Spanish technology company, partner of Hoeft & Wessel in this project.
• IAPsolutions: A provider of railway communication systems.